U.S.S.R AND CHINA ON RELATIONS WITH JAPAN AND USE OF PORT AURTHER; 1952 AND 1954

CONTENT

1. GREAT FRIENDSHIP OF U.S.S.R. AND CHINA—MIGHTY BULWARK OF WORLD PEACE
   For a Lasting Peace, For a People’s Democracy”,
   No. 38 (202), Friday, September 19, 1952
   
   

On September 16 the press in the Soviet Union and the Chinese People’s Republic simultaneously published documents of immense international significance: the Soviet-Chinese Communiqué on the negotiations between the Soviet Government and the Government delegation of the Chinese People’s Republic, the Soviet-Chinese Communiqué concerning the transfer of the Chinese Changchun railway to the Government of the Chinese People’s Republic and also the text of the Notes. exchanged between Chou En-lai, Premier of the Government Administration Council and Foreign Minister of the People’s Republic of China, and A. Y. Vyshinsky, Foreign Minister of the U.S.S.R.
As is evident from the enumerated documents, negotiations took place in Moscow of late between J. V. Stalin, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the U.S.S.R., A. Y. Vyshinsky, Foreign Minister of the U.S.S.R., and P. N. Kumykin, Minister of Foreign Trade of the USSR, on the one hand, and the Government delegation of the Chinese People’s Republic, headed by Chou En-lai, Premier of the Government Administration Council and Foreign Minister, and including Chen Yun, Vice-Premier of the Government Administration Council, Li Fu-chun, Vice-Chairman of the Committee of Financial" and Economic Affairs, Chang Wen-tien, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of China to the U.S.S.R. and Su Yu, Deputy Chief of the General Staff—on the other.
During these negotiations vital political and economic aspects of the relations between the Soviet Union and the Chinese People’s Republic were reviewed. The negotiations, which were held in an atmosphere of friendly understanding and sincerity, confirmed the resolve of the two parties to direct their efforts to further consolidating and developing friendship and co-operation between the two countries and at the same time to facilitate in every possible way the preservation and consolidation of peace and international security.
The Soviet-Chinese Communiqué, concerning the transfer of the Chinese Changchun railway to the Government of the People’s Republic of China, points out that, in keeping with the established relations of friendship and co-operation, on February 14, 1950, in Moscow, an agreement on the Chinese Changchun railway was signed between the Soviet Union and the Chinese People’s Republic whereby the Soviet Government was to transfer complete ownership, without compensation, to the Government of the Chinese People’s Republic of all its rights to joint management of the Chinese Changchun railway with all its equipment. According to this agreement the said transfer of the railway should be effected not later than the end of 1952.
“At present”, reads the Communiqué, “the Soviet Government and the Government of the Chinese People’s Republic have begun to carry out measures for the realisation of this Agreement and, for this purpose, have agreed to form a mixed Soviet-Chinese Commission”.
The mixed Soviet-Chinese Commission shall complete the transfer of the Chinese [NEW] U.S.S.R AND CHINA ON RELATIONS WITH JAPAN AND USE OF PORT AURTHER;
1952 AND 1954 ( /questions-of-restoration/u-s-s-r-and-china-on-relations-with-japan-and-use-of-port-aurther-less-than-br-greater-than-1952-and-1954 ) Update Grav Now Grav v1.7.46 is now available! (Current v1.7.7) Changchun railway to the Chinese People’s Republic not later than December 31, 1952. The invariable concern and striving of both parties to do everything to strengthen and safeguard peace in the Far East and throughout the world found clear expression in the exchange of Notes effected during negotiations between Chou En-lai, Premier of the Government Administration Council and Foreign Minister of the Chinese People’s Republic and A. Y. Vyshinsky, Foreign Minister of the U.S.S.R. on the question of prolonging the term for the joint use of the Chinese naval base of Port Arthur. The need for this is explained in detail in Chou En-lai’s Note to A. Y. Vyshinsky. The Note reads:
“After the refusal of Japan to sign an all-round peace treaty, and with its signing of a separate treaty with the. U.S. and certain other countries, in view of which Japan has not and evidently does not want a peace treaty with the Chinese People’s Republic and the Soviet Union, conditions have been created which threaten peace and are conducive to repetition of Japanese aggression.
“In view of this and with the aim of ensuring peace, and proceeding also from the Treaty of Friendship, Alliance and Mutual Aid between the Chinese People’s Republic and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the Government of the Chinese People’s Republic proposes and requests that the Soviet Government should agree to extend the term stipulated in article 2 of the Chinese-Soviet Agreement on Port Arthur for the withdrawal of Soviet troops from the jointly used Chinese naval base of Port Arthur, until peace agreements are signed between the Chinese People’s Republic and Japan, and the Soviet Union and Japan”.(UbU)

True to its consistent policy of consolidating peace and the security of nations, the Soviet Government accepted the proposal of the Government of the Chinese People’s Republic and agreed that the Note of Chou En-lai and A. Y. Vyshinsky’s reply to this Note should become an integral part of the Agreement of February 14, 1950, on the question of the naval base of Port Arthur. (UbU)

The agreements reached in the course of the Soviet-Chinese negotiations were hailed with profound satisfaction by the Soviet and Chinese peoples, by the entire camp of peace and democracy, by a [NEW] U.S.S.R AND CHINA ON RELATIONS WITH JAPAN AND USE OF PORT AURTHER;
1952 AND 1954 ( /questions-of-restoration/u-s-s-r-and-china-on-relations-with-japan-and-use-of-port-aurther-less-than-br-greater-than-1952-and-1954 ) Update Grav Now Grav v1.7.46 is now available! (Current v1.7.7)ll progressive mankind.
“The agreements reached in the course of these negotiations”, writes “Pravda”, “mark a new stage in consolidating and developing friendship and co-operation between the Soviet Union and the Chinese People’s Republic, in the matter of preserving and consolidating peace and international security".
Underlining the boundless joy and gratitude of the Chinese people evoked by the great friendly sympathy and aid of the Soviet people, the newspaper “Jenminjihpao” stated in an editorial that these two decisions “will lead to the further development of friendship and co-operation between China and the Soviet Union, to a further strengthening of the invincible alliance between them and to ensuring peace in the Far East and throughout the world”, The great friendship between the Soviet Union and the Chinese People’s Republic is a concrete expression of the international relations, new in principle, and based on the Lenin-Stalin principles of foreign policy—of respecting equality, national independence and state sovereignty, Soviet-Chinese friendship is a mighty bulwark of peace in the Far East and throughout the world.

2. COMMUNIQUE ON SOVIET-CHINESE NEGOTIATIONS
   For a Lasting Peace, For a People’s Democracy”,
   No. 42 (310), Friday, October 15, 1954
   
   

A Government delegation of the Soviet Union that had come on the invitation of the Chinese Government for the celebration of the fifth anniversary of the People’s Republic of China stayed in China from September 29 to October 12. The delegation consisted of N. S. Khrushchev, First Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU and member of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR; N. A. Bulganin, First Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR; A. I. Mikoyan, Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR; N. M. Shvernik, Chairman of the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions; G. F. Alexandrov, Minister of Culture of the USSR; D. T. Shepilov, Editor-in-Chief of “Pravda”; E. A. Furtseva, Secretary of the Moscow City Committee of the CPSU; Y. S. Nasriddinova, Minister of the Building Materials Industry of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic; V. P. Stepanov, head of a Department of the Central Committee of the CPSU; and P. F. Yudin, Soviet Ambassador to the People’s Republic of China. During the sojourn of the Soviet delegation in the PRC, negotiations on questions of Soviet-Chinese relations and the international situation were conducted between members of the delegation, on the one hand, and Chou En-lai, Premier of the State Council and Foreign Minister of the PRC, Chen Yun, Peng Teh-huai, Teng Hsiao-ping, Teng Tzu-hui and Li Fu-chun, Vice-Premiers, on the other hand. Participating in the negotiations were also Mao Tse-tung, Chairman of the PRC, Chu Teh, Vice-Chairman, and Liu Shao-chi, Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress of China.
The negotiations proceeded in an atmosphere of sincere friendship and mutual understanding.
Below follow the Joint Declarations of the Governments of the Soviet Union and the People’s Republic of China on Soviet-Chinese relations and the international situation and on relations with Japan, a Joint Communiqué regarding the Port Arthur naval base, on the existing mixed Soviet-Chinese joint stock companies, on an agreement concerning scientific and technical co-operation and on the building of the Lanchow—Urumchi—Alma-Ata railway line.
In addition there were signed: an agreement on the granting of a long-term credit of 520 million roubles by the Government of the USSR to the Government of the PRC and a Protocol on aid to be rendered by the Government of the USSR to the Government of the PRC in building an additional 15 industrial enterprises and on increasing deliveries of equipment for the 141 industrial enterprises, envisaged in the agreement signed earlier, the total value of the additional equipment deliveries from the USSR to exceed 400 million roubles.

3. JOINT DECLARATION OF THE GOVERNMENT OF THE UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLICS AND THE GOVERNMENT OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON RELATIONS WITH JAPAN
   For a Lasting Peace, For a People’s Democracy”,
   No. 42 (310), Friday, October 15, 1954
   
   

After the end of the second world war Japan, as provided for by the Potsdam Agreements, was to receive full national independence, establish her democratic institutions and develop her independent peace economy and national culture. But the United States of America, as the chief occupying power in Japan charged with the main responsibility for the implementation of the Potsdam decisions, has flagrantly violated these decisions and, disregarding the interests of the Japanese people, has imposed on Japan the San Francisco “peace treaty” and other agreements which run counter to the aforesaid agreements of the Powers.
Nine years have passed since the war ended and Japan has not been given independence and continues to remain in the position of a semi-occupied country. Her territory is covered with numerous American military bases set up for purposes that have nothing in common with maintaining peace and securing Japan’s peaceful and independent development. The industry and finances of Japan are dependent on American military orders. Japan is restricted in her foreign trade, which ruinously affects her economy and chiefly industries producing for peaceful purposes.
All this cannot but insult the national sentiments of the Japanese people, create an atmosphere of uncertainty among the Japanese and fetter the many-sided abilities of the Japanese people.
The present situation in Japan arouses legitimate apprehensions among the peoples of Asia and the Far East that this country might be utilised for aggressive plans inimical is to both the interests of the Japanese people and the task of maintaining peace in the Far East.
The peoples of the Soviet Union and the People’s Republic of China express their profound sympathy with Japan and the Japanese people, who find themselves in a difficult position due to the aforesaid “treaty” and agreements dictated by foreign interests. They believe that the Japanese people will muster sufficient strength within themselves to embark on the path of liberation from foreign dependence and of the regeneration of their homeland, on the path of establishing normal relations of broad economic co-operation and cultural ties with other states, and first and foremost with their neighbours.
The Governments of the Soviet Union and the People’s Republic of China proceed in their policy towards Japan from the principle of peaceful coexistence of states irrespective of their social system, b [NEW] U.S.S.R AND CHINA ON RELATIONS WITH JAPAN AND USE OF PORT AURTHER;
1952 AND 1954 ( /questions-of-restoration/u-s-s-r-and-china-on-relations-with-japan-and-use-of-port-aurther-less-than-br-greater-than-1952-and-1954 ) Update Grav Now Grav v1.7.46 is now available! (Current v1.7.7)eing confident that this conforms 16 the vital interests of all nations. They stand for the development of broad trade relations with Japan on mutually advantageous terms, for the establishment of close cultural ties with her.
They also express readiness to take steps to normalise their relations with Japan and declare that Japan will meet with full support in her desire to establish political and economic relations with the USSR and the PRC and that any step on her part designed to secure conditions for her peaceful and independent development will likewise meet with full support.

4. SOVIET-CHINESE COMMUNIQUE ON THE WITHDRAWAL OF SOVIET MILITARY UNITS FROM THE JOINTLY UTILISED CHINESE NAVAL BASE OF PORT ARTHUR AND THE TRANSFER OF THIS BASE TO THE FULL POSSESSION OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
   For a Lasting Peace, For a People’s Democracy”,
   No. 42 (310), Friday, October 15, 1954
   
   

Considering the change in the international situation in the Far East arising out of the end of the war in Korea and the restoration of peace in Indo-China, and also taking into account the consolidation of the defence capacity of the People’s Republic of China, the Government of the Soviet Union and the Government of the People’s Republic of China, in accordance with the relations of friendship and co-operation which have developed between both states and are becoming ever stronger, have agreed that the Soviet military units shall be withdrawn from the jointly utilised naval base of Port Arthur and the installations in this area shall be handed over without compensation to the Government of the People’s Republic of China.
Both sides have agreed to charge the Soviet-Chinese Joint Military Commission in Port Arthur, formed in accordance with the agreement of February 14, 1950, with carrying cut the measures pertaining to the withdrawal of the Soviet military units and the transfer of installations in the area of the Port Arthur naval base to the Government of the People’s Republic of China.
The withdrawal of Soviet troops and the transfer of installations to the Government of the PRC in the area of the Port Arthur naval base shall be completed by May 31, 1955.

No. 42 (310), Friday, October 15, 1954 (directdemocracy4u.uk)
http://www.directdemocracy4u.uk/dd4en-resources/FALP1954/1954_NO42(310)_FRIDAY_OCTOBER_15.pdf